diff --git a/instance.cpp b/instance.cpp
index 99f790f..1978ad3 100644
--- a/instance.cpp
+++ b/instance.cpp
@@ -21,24 +21,35 @@ using cruft::vk::instance;
 
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-instance::create_info::create_info ()
-{
-    sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
-    pNext = nullptr;
-    flags = 0;
+static const VkInstanceCreateInfo DEFAULT_INFO = {
+    .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO,
+    .pNext = nullptr,
+    .flags = 0,
 
-    pApplicationInfo = nullptr;
+    .pApplicationInfo = nullptr,
 
-    enabledLayerCount = 0;
-    ppEnabledLayerNames = nullptr;
+    .enabledLayerCount = 0,
+    .ppEnabledLayerNames = nullptr,
 
-    enabledExtensionCount = 0;
-    ppEnabledExtensionNames = nullptr;
-}
+    .enabledExtensionCount = 0,
+    .ppEnabledExtensionNames = nullptr
+};
 
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-instance::instance (const VkInstanceCreateInfo &info):
+instance::create_info::create_info ():
+    create_info (DEFAULT_INFO)
+{ ; }
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+instance::create_info::create_info (const VkInstanceCreateInfo &base):
+    VkInstanceCreateInfo (base)
+{ ; }
+
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+instance::instance (const create_info &info):
     instantiated (&info, nullptr)
 { ; }
 
diff --git a/instance.hpp b/instance.hpp
index 272007f..4cd1f8b 100644
--- a/instance.hpp
+++ b/instance.hpp
@@ -30,9 +30,10 @@ namespace cruft::vk {
     struct instance : public instantiated<instance> {
         struct create_info : public VkInstanceCreateInfo {
             create_info ();
+            create_info (const VkInstanceCreateInfo&);
         };
 
-        instance (const VkInstanceCreateInfo &info);
+        instance (const create_info &info);
 
         std::set<std::string> extensions (void) const;
     };