diff --git a/win32/file.cpp b/win32/file.cpp
index 412a7f6e..0a8d1d6b 100644
--- a/win32/file.cpp
+++ b/win32/file.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ using cruft::win32::file;
 
 
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+file::file ()
+    : m_handle (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+{ ; }
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 file::file (std::filesystem::path const &src, DWORD access, DWORD share, DWORD create, DWORD flags)
     : m_handle (
         error::try_call (
@@ -43,6 +49,14 @@ file::file (handle &&src) noexcept
 { ; }
 
 
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+file& file::operator= (file &&rhs) noexcept
+{
+    std::swap (m_handle, rhs.m_handle);
+    return *this;
+}
+
+
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 file::file (posix::fd &&src)
     : file (handle (std::move (src)))
diff --git a/win32/file.hpp b/win32/file.hpp
index 4f4ddbb2..ba7abb60 100644
--- a/win32/file.hpp
+++ b/win32/file.hpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 namespace cruft::win32 {
     class file {
     public:
+        explicit file ();
         file (std::filesystem::path const &, DWORD access, DWORD share, DWORD create, DWORD flags);
         explicit file (handle&&) noexcept;
         explicit file (posix::fd&&);